Insert black frames -- How?

[Mark Filipak (ffmpeg)]

I want to insert black frames into a stream on a regular basis.
#1, Is that an input device? I think so. Or,
#2, is it better/easier to repeat an input frame and blacken the repeated frame? Maybe.

I seek guidance. I've read everything I could find. Methinks #1 would be best. But if #2, would a
'pad' filter that covers the entire frame be best/easiest?

Thanks Folks!
Mark.
--
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And furthermore, my dog doesn't bite.
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[Carl Zwanzig]

On 2/8/2021 5:10 PM, Mark Filipak (ffmpeg) wrote:
> I want to insert black frames into a stream on a regular basis.
> #1, Is that an input device? I think so. Or,

I think what you want is based on "-f lavfi color=c=black" although it will
depend on whether you want to insert the black frame between existing frames
or on top of one of them (whether to just periodically overlay or to create
segments).

see also
https://ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg-filters.html#allrgb_002c-allyuv_002c-color_002c-haldclutsrc_002c-nullsrc_002c-pal75bars_002c-pal100bars_002c-rgbtestsrc_002c-smptebars_002c-smptehdbars_002c-testsrc_002c-testsrc2_002c-yuvtestsrc

z!


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[Mark Filipak (ffmpeg)]

On 02/08/2021 08:24 PM, Carl Zwanzig wrote:
> On 2/8/2021 5:10 PM, Mark Filipak (ffmpeg) wrote:
>> I want to insert black frames into a stream on a regular basis.
>> #1, Is that an input device? I think so. Or,
>
> I think what you want is based on "-f lavfi color=c=black" although it will depend on whether you
> want to insert the black frame between existing frames or on top of one of them (whether to just
> periodically overlay or to create segments).

That's what I was just looking at.
As a 1st step to get a source (based on the pink example in the docs), I tried this:
C:\AVOut\THE LAST EMPEROR>ffmpeg -f lavfi -graph "color=c=pink [out0]" test.mkv
ffmpeg started on 2021-02-08 at 20:21:13
Report written to "ffmpeg-20210208-202113.log"
Log level: 32
ffmpeg version N-100851-g9f38fac053 Copyright (c) 2000-2021 the FFmpeg developers
   built with gcc 9.3-win32 (GCC) 20200320
   configuration: --prefix=/ffbuild/prefix --pkg-config-flags=--static --pkg-config=pkg-config
--cross-prefix=x86_64-w64-mingw32- --arch=x86_64 --target-os=mingw32 --enable-gpl --enable-version3
--disable-debug --disable-w32threads --enable-pthreads --enable-iconv --enable-zlib --enable-libxml2
--enable-libfreetype --enable-libfribidi --enable-gmp --enable-lzma --enable-fontconfig
--enable-opencl --enable-libvmaf --enable-vulkan --enable-libvorbis --enable-amf --enable-libaom
--enable-avisynth --enable-libdav1d --enable-libdavs2 --enable-ffnvcodec --enable-cuda-llvm
--enable-libglslang --enable-libass --enable-libbluray --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopus
--enable-libtheora --enable-libvpx --enable-libwebp --enable-libmfx --enable-libopencore-amrnb
--enable-libopencore-amrwb --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-librav1e --enable-librubberband
--enable-schannel --enable-sdl2 --enable-libsoxr --enable-libsrt --enable-libsvtav1
--enable-libtwolame --enable-libuavs3d --enable-libvidstab --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265
--enable-libxavs2 --enable-libxvid --enable-libzimg --extra-cflags=-DLIBTWOLAME_STATIC
--extra-cxxflags= --extra-ldflags=-pthread --extra-libs=-lgomp
   libavutil      56. 64.100 / 56. 64.100
   libavcodec     58.119.100 / 58.119.100
   libavformat    58. 65.101 / 58. 65.101
   libavdevice    58. 11.103 / 58. 11.103
   libavfilter     7.100.100 /  7.100.100
   libswscale      5.  8.100 /  5.  8.100
   libswresample   3.  8.100 /  3.  8.100
   libpostproc    55.  8.100 / 55.  8.100
[NULL @ 0000016b7a3a9000] Requested output format 'lavfi' is not a suitable output format
test.mkv: Invalid argument

> see also
> https://ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg-filters.html#allrgb_002c-allyuv_002c-color_002c-haldclutsrc_002c-nullsrc_002c-pal75bars_002c-pal100bars_002c-rgbtestsrc_002c-smptebars_002c-smptehdbars_002c-testsrc_002c-testsrc2_002c-yuvtestsrc 

I'll take a look at it. Thanks, Carl!

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[Mark Filipak (ffmpeg)]

I'm failing on the size. I can't explain why.

 >ffmpeg -f lavfi -i color=c=black:s=1920x1080:r=60000/1001:d=60:sar=1:1 test.mkv
ffmpeg started on 2021-02-08 at 20:44:31
Report written to "ffmpeg-20210208-204431.log"
Log level: 32
ffmpeg version N-100851-g9f38fac053 Copyright (c) 2000-2021 the FFmpeg developers
   built with gcc 9.3-win32 (GCC) 20200320
   configuration: --prefix=/ffbuild/prefix --pkg-config-flags=--static --pkg-config=pkg-config
--cross-prefix=x86_64-w64-mingw32- --arch=x86_64 --target-os=mingw32 --enable-gpl --enable-version3
--disable-debug --disable-w32threads --enable-pthreads --enable-iconv --enable-zlib --enable-libxml2
--enable-libfreetype --enable-libfribidi --enable-gmp --enable-lzma --enable-fontconfig
--enable-opencl --enable-libvmaf --enable-vulkan --enable-libvorbis --enable-amf --enable-libaom
--enable-avisynth --enable-libdav1d --enable-libdavs2 --enable-ffnvcodec --enable-cuda-llvm
--enable-libglslang --enable-libass --enable-libbluray --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopus
--enable-libtheora --enable-libvpx --enable-libwebp --enable-libmfx --enable-libopencore-amrnb
--enable-libopencore-amrwb --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-librav1e --enable-librubberband
--enable-schannel --enable-sdl2 --enable-libsoxr --enable-libsrt --enable-libsvtav1
--enable-libtwolame --enable-libuavs3d --enable-libvidstab --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265
--enable-libxavs2 --enable-libxvid --enable-libzimg --extra-cflags=-DLIBTWOLAME_STATIC
--extra-cxxflags= --extra-ldflags=-pthread --extra-libs=-lgomp
   libavutil      56. 64.100 / 56. 64.100
   libavcodec     58.119.100 / 58.119.100
   libavformat    58. 65.101 / 58. 65.101
   libavdevice    58. 11.103 / 58. 11.103
   libavfilter     7.100.100 /  7.100.100
   libswscale      5.  8.100 /  5.  8.100
   libswresample   3.  8.100 /  3.  8.100
   libpostproc    55.  8.100 / 55.  8.100
[color @ 0000029f0c0bda80] Unable to parse option value "1" as image size
     Last message repeated 1 times
[color @ 0000029f0c0bda80] Error setting option size to value 1.
[Parsed_color_0 @ 0000029f0c0bd980] Error applying options to the filter.
[lavfi @ 0000029f0c0b9000] Error initializing filter 'color' with args
'c=black:s=1920x1080:r=60000/1001:d=60:sar=1:1'
color=c=black:s=1920x1080:r=60000/1001:d=60:sar=1:1: Invalid argument

 >ffmpeg -f lavfi -i color=c=black:s=hd1080:r=60000/1001:d=60:sar=1:1 test.mkv
ffmpeg started on 2021-02-08 at 20:44:48
Report written to "ffmpeg-20210208-204448.log"
Log level: 32
ffmpeg version N-100851-g9f38fac053 Copyright (c) 2000-2021 the FFmpeg developers
   built with gcc 9.3-win32 (GCC) 20200320
   configuration: --prefix=/ffbuild/prefix --pkg-config-flags=--static --pkg-config=pkg-config
--cross-prefix=x86_64-w64-mingw32- --arch=x86_64 --target-os=mingw32 --enable-gpl --enable-version3
--disable-debug --disable-w32threads --enable-pthreads --enable-iconv --enable-zlib --enable-libxml2
--enable-libfreetype --enable-libfribidi --enable-gmp --enable-lzma --enable-fontconfig
--enable-opencl --enable-libvmaf --enable-vulkan --enable-libvorbis --enable-amf --enable-libaom
--enable-avisynth --enable-libdav1d --enable-libdavs2 --enable-ffnvcodec --enable-cuda-llvm
--enable-libglslang --enable-libass --enable-libbluray --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopus
--enable-libtheora --enable-libvpx --enable-libwebp --enable-libmfx --enable-libopencore-amrnb
--enable-libopencore-amrwb --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-librav1e --enable-librubberband
--enable-schannel --enable-sdl2 --enable-libsoxr --enable-libsrt --enable-libsvtav1
--enable-libtwolame --enable-libuavs3d --enable-libvidstab --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265
--enable-libxavs2 --enable-libxvid --enable-libzimg --extra-cflags=-DLIBTWOLAME_STATIC
--extra-cxxflags= --extra-ldflags=-pthread --extra-libs=-lgomp
   libavutil      56. 64.100 / 56. 64.100
   libavcodec     58.119.100 / 58.119.100
   libavformat    58. 65.101 / 58. 65.101
   libavdevice    58. 11.103 / 58. 11.103
   libavfilter     7.100.100 /  7.100.100
   libswscale      5.  8.100 /  5.  8.100
   libswresample   3.  8.100 /  3.  8.100
   libpostproc    55.  8.100 / 55.  8.100
[color @ 00000211a0d7da80] Unable to parse option value "1" as image size
     Last message repeated 1 times
[color @ 00000211a0d7da80] Error setting option size to value 1.
[Parsed_color_0 @ 00000211a0d7d980] Error applying options to the filter.
[lavfi @ 00000211a0d79000] Error initializing filter 'color' with args
'c=black:s=hd1080:r=60000/1001:d=60:sar=1:1'
color=c=black:s=hd1080:r=60000/1001:d=60:sar=1:1: Invalid argument
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[Mark Filipak (ffmpeg)]

Ah! The problem was not size (as indicated). It was sar. This works:
ffmpeg -f lavfi -i color=c=black:s=1920x1080:r=60000/1001:d=60:sar=1 test.mkv

Now I need to figure out how to integrate this source into the rest of my work flow.


On 02/08/2021 08:47 PM, Mark Filipak (ffmpeg) wrote:

> I'm failing on the size. I can't explain why.
>
>  >ffmpeg -f lavfi -i color=c=black:s=1920x1080:r=60000/1001:d=60:sar=1:1 test.mkv
> ffmpeg started on 2021-02-08 at 20:44:31
> Report written to "ffmpeg-20210208-204431.log"
> Log level: 32
> ffmpeg version N-100851-g9f38fac053 Copyright (c) 2000-2021 the FFmpeg developers
>    built with gcc 9.3-win32 (GCC) 20200320
>    configuration: --prefix=/ffbuild/prefix --pkg-config-flags=--static --pkg-config=pkg-config
> --cross-prefix=x86_64-w64-mingw32- --arch=x86_64 --target-os=mingw32 --enable-gpl --enable-version3
> --disable-debug --disable-w32threads --enable-pthreads --enable-iconv --enable-zlib --enable-libxml2
> --enable-libfreetype --enable-libfribidi --enable-gmp --enable-lzma --enable-fontconfig
> --enable-opencl --enable-libvmaf --enable-vulkan --enable-libvorbis --enable-amf --enable-libaom
> --enable-avisynth --enable-libdav1d --enable-libdavs2 --enable-ffnvcodec --enable-cuda-llvm
> --enable-libglslang --enable-libass --enable-libbluray --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopus
> --enable-libtheora --enable-libvpx --enable-libwebp --enable-libmfx --enable-libopencore-amrnb
> --enable-libopencore-amrwb --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-librav1e --enable-librubberband
> --enable-schannel --enable-sdl2 --enable-libsoxr --enable-libsrt --enable-libsvtav1
> --enable-libtwolame --enable-libuavs3d --enable-libvidstab --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265
> --enable-libxavs2 --enable-libxvid --enable-libzimg --extra-cflags=-DLIBTWOLAME_STATIC
> --extra-cxxflags= --extra-ldflags=-pthread --extra-libs=-lgomp
>    libavutil      56. 64.100 / 56. 64.100
>    libavcodec     58.119.100 / 58.119.100
>    libavformat    58. 65.101 / 58. 65.101
>    libavdevice    58. 11.103 / 58. 11.103
>    libavfilter     7.100.100 /  7.100.100
>    libswscale      5.  8.100 /  5.  8.100
>    libswresample   3.  8.100 /  3.  8.100
>    libpostproc    55.  8.100 / 55.  8.100
> [color @ 0000029f0c0bda80] Unable to parse option value "1" as image size
>      Last message repeated 1 times
> [color @ 0000029f0c0bda80] Error setting option size to value 1.
> [Parsed_color_0 @ 0000029f0c0bd980] Error applying options to the filter.
> [lavfi @ 0000029f0c0b9000] Error initializing filter 'color' with args
> 'c=black:s=1920x1080:r=60000/1001:d=60:sar=1:1'
> color=c=black:s=1920x1080:r=60000/1001:d=60:sar=1:1: Invalid argument
>
>  >ffmpeg -f lavfi -i color=c=black:s=hd1080:r=60000/1001:d=60:sar=1:1 test.mkv
> ffmpeg started on 2021-02-08 at 20:44:48
> Report written to "ffmpeg-20210208-204448.log"
> Log level: 32
> ffmpeg version N-100851-g9f38fac053 Copyright (c) 2000-2021 the FFmpeg developers
>    built with gcc 9.3-win32 (GCC) 20200320
>    configuration: --prefix=/ffbuild/prefix --pkg-config-flags=--static --pkg-config=pkg-config
> --cross-prefix=x86_64-w64-mingw32- --arch=x86_64 --target-os=mingw32 --enable-gpl --enable-version3
> --disable-debug --disable-w32threads --enable-pthreads --enable-iconv --enable-zlib --enable-libxml2
> --enable-libfreetype --enable-libfribidi --enable-gmp --enable-lzma --enable-fontconfig
> --enable-opencl --enable-libvmaf --enable-vulkan --enable-libvorbis --enable-amf --enable-libaom
> --enable-avisynth --enable-libdav1d --enable-libdavs2 --enable-ffnvcodec --enable-cuda-llvm
> --enable-libglslang --enable-libass --enable-libbluray --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopus
> --enable-libtheora --enable-libvpx --enable-libwebp --enable-libmfx --enable-libopencore-amrnb
> --enable-libopencore-amrwb --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-librav1e --enable-librubberband
> --enable-schannel --enable-sdl2 --enable-libsoxr --enable-libsrt --enable-libsvtav1
> --enable-libtwolame --enable-libuavs3d --enable-libvidstab --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265
> --enable-libxavs2 --enable-libxvid --enable-libzimg --extra-cflags=-DLIBTWOLAME_STATIC
> --extra-cxxflags= --extra-ldflags=-pthread --extra-libs=-lgomp
>    libavutil      56. 64.100 / 56. 64.100
>    libavcodec     58.119.100 / 58.119.100
>    libavformat    58. 65.101 / 58. 65.101
>    libavdevice    58. 11.103 / 58. 11.103
>    libavfilter     7.100.100 /  7.100.100
>    libswscale      5.  8.100 /  5.  8.100
>    libswresample   3.  8.100 /  3.  8.100
>    libpostproc    55.  8.100 / 55.  8.100
> [color @ 00000211a0d7da80] Unable to parse option value "1" as image size
>      Last message repeated 1 times
> [color @ 00000211a0d7da80] Error setting option size to value 1.
> [Parsed_color_0 @ 00000211a0d7d980] Error applying options to the filter.
> [lavfi @ 00000211a0d79000] Error initializing filter 'color' with args
> 'c=black:s=hd1080:r=60000/1001:d=60:sar=1:1'
> color=c=black:s=hd1080:r=60000/1001:d=60:sar=1:1: Invalid argument

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[Michael Koch]

Mark,

> I want to insert black frames into a stream on a regular basis.
> #1, Is that an input device? I think so. Or,
> #2, is it better/easier to repeat an input frame and blacken the
> repeated frame? Maybe.
>
> I seek guidance. I've read everything I could find. Methinks #1 would
> be best. But if #2, would a 'pad' filter that covers the entire frame
> be best/easiest?

I think the tricky part is how to insert an additional frame in the
video. May be you can split the video in two parts and then concat first
part, additional frame, second part. You would also have to find a
suitable solution for the audio track.
Replacing one frame of the video by another image is easy, see chapter
2.40 in my book:
http://www.astro-electronic.de/FFmpeg_Book.pdf

Michael
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[Mark Filipak (ffmpeg)]

On 02/09/2021 03:05 AM, Michael Koch wrote:

> Mark,
>
>> I want to insert black frames into a stream on a regular basis.
>> #1, Is that an input device? I think so. Or,
>> #2, is it better/easier to repeat an input frame and blacken the repeated frame? Maybe.
>>
>> I seek guidance. I've read everything I could find. Methinks #1 would be best. But if #2, would a
>> 'pad' filter that covers the entire frame be best/easiest?
>
> I think the tricky part is how to insert an additional frame in the video. May be you can split the
> video in two parts and then concat first part, additional frame, second part...

So far, the best I've been able to figure out is that the members of a split need to retain their
periodic nature through their respective filtergraph branches, then to explicitly force their PTSs
via 'setpts' as a function of frame number, 'n', just prior to 'interleave'. In other words,
'select' at the exit from a filtergraph branch, not at the entrance to a branch.

It also appears that not all filters handle 'n' predictably -- I'm not sure about this -- as
'interleave' seems to interleave only via PTSs, not frame number.

It would be very helpful if 'interleave' could be replaced by a programmable multiplexer that was
"input 'n'-aware" and could multiplex and re-PTS its output based on a "input 'x', frame 'n'"
script. Such a multiplexer could assemble an output stream from a loose, enqueued set of inputs. If
that multiplexer existed, then the filtergraph branches wouldn't need to be periodic, but could
output loose frames without PTSs. Ah, well.

>... You would also have to
> find a suitable solution for the audio track.
> Replacing one frame of the video by another image is easy, see chapter 2.40 in my book:
> http://www.astro-electronic.de/FFmpeg_Book.pdf
>
> Michael
> _______________________________________________
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> [hidden email] with subject "unsubscribe".

--
I don't have a dog.
And furthermore, my dog doesn't bite.
And furthermore, you provoked him.
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